INTRODUCTION
This list of the settlers of Georgia to 1741 is taken from a manuscript volume entitled A List of Persons Who Went from Europe to Georgia on Their Own Account, or at the Trustees© Charge, or who Joyned the Colony or were Born in It, Distinguishing Such as Had Grants there or were only Inmates (serial no. 14220), purchased together with twenty other volumes of manuscripts on early Georgia history by the University of Georgia in 1947. The manuscripts, sold at auction by Sotheby©s in London, had formerly constituted a part of the library of Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bt., of Middle Hill, Worcestershire, and Thirlestaine House, Cheltenham, and were reported to have originally belonged to the Earl of Egmont, first President of the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America.

Much of the material in the Egmont manuscripts is familiar to students who have used the official records of the Trustees in the British Public Record Office, from which source 26 volumes have been published by the State of Georgia as The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia (Alien D. Candler, Ed., Atlanta, 1904-13) and 13 more volumes have been collected and are available at the Georgia Department of Archives and History. Yet there are items of great interest that have never been used by historians, notably the list of the early settlers and the Journal of William Stephens from October, 1741, to September, 1743.

The list of settlers in the Egmont manuscripts is given under two head ings: first, those who went from Europe to Georgia at the Trustees© charge and, second, those who went on their own account. The settlers are listed in roughly alphabetical order, followed by parallel columns with the following headings: age, occupation, date of embarcation, date of arrival, lots in Savannah, lots in Frederica, and "Dead, Quitted, Run Away." Foot notes give additional information concerning most of the persons listed. The division of the colonists into two lists based upon the payment of their passage has been followed in the present publication, but for convenience in printing, the parallel columns and footnotes have been abandoned and the information concerning each colonist quoted directly after his name. Except for this change in arrangement, an attempt has been made to reproduce all of the information in the same form as it appears in the original manuscript.

Occupations listed are of the widest variety butchers, bakers, and candlestick makers, musicians and writers, vinedressers and brewers, ministers and teachers, seamen and soldiers, merchants and farmers, glaziers and graziers, and a host of others, including two attorneys, Will. Aglionby "who made much mischief in Savannah," and Will Williamson. The leading occupations in numbers were servants, husbandmen, farmers, labourers, carpenters, and weavers.

The 827 settlers in the list sent on charity whose occupations were indicated are classified in contemporary terminology as
follows: accompts, 3; alehouse keepers, 1; apothecaries, 5; apprentices, 14; bakers, 8; basket makers, 1; blacksmiths, 4; blockmakers, 1; bookbinders, 2; bookkeepers, 1; book sellers, 1; braziers, 2; brewers, 2; bricklayers, 4; brokers, 1; butchers, 2; cabinet makers, 4; calendars, 1; calico printers, 1; carpenters, 38; carvers, 1; chairmen, 1; clerks, 5; clogmakers, 1; cloth workers, 1; coachmakers, 1; coal sellers, 1; cooks, 1; coopers, 4; cord wainers, 2; cow herders, 5; cyder merchants, 1; drumers, 1; dyers, 6; farmers, 41; fishermen, 2; flax dressers, 3; gardiners, 8; gentlemen, 1; glaziers, 2; glovers, 1; goldsmiths, 1; graziers, 1; grocers, 1; gunsmiths, 1; half pay officers, 1; hatters, 4; heel makers, 1; hosiers, 1; hunters, 1; huntsmen, 1; husbandmen, 49; Indian traders, 1; inn holders, 1; iron mongers, 1; joyners, 2; labourers, 41; leather dressers, 1; linen drapers, 2; linen weavers, 1; locksmiths, 5; masons, 6; mercers, 3; merchants, 2; midwives, 2; millers, 8; millwrights, 5; miners, 5; ministers, 10; missioners to Indians, 1; musicians, 1; oil men, 1; Palatin servants, 18; Palatin trust servants, 61; peruke makers, 5; potash makers, 1; potters, 1; recorders, 1; rope makers, 4; salters, 1; saltpeter men, 1; saw makers, 1; saw mill wrights, 1; sawyers, 6; schoolmasters, 7; schoolmistresses, 1; seamen, 3; secretaries,
1; scriveners, 1; servants, 153; shipwrights, 1; shoemakers, 13; shopkeep ers, 1; silk men, 3; silk throwsters, 1; silk weavers, 1; silversmiths, 1; smiths, 6; soldiers, 1; stockingmakers, 1; stockingweavers, 4; storekeepers, 2; surgeons, 8; tallow chandlers, 3; tanners, 6; taylors, 18; teachers of agriculture, 1; traders in goods, 1; trust servants, 90; turners, 3; upholsterers, 3; vine dressers, 4; vintagers, 2; vintners, 1; vitualers, 1; watchmakers, 2; weavers, 23; wheelwrights, 3; wine coopers, 1; wood cutters, 3; woodmen, 1; woolcombers, 1; writers, 3; writing masters, 1; wyre drawers, 1.

The 528 colonists in the list of those who paid their own passage whose occupations are indicated may be classified as follows: apothecaries, 3; attorneys 2; bailiffs, 1; bakers 1; blacksmiths, 4; bricklayers, 4; butchers, 1; carpenters, 3; cheesemongers, 1; clerks, 2; coopers, 2; farmers, 28; fort employees, 1; gentlemen, 11; haberdashers, 1; Indian interpreters
1; Indian traders, 9; engineers and surveyors of land, 1; joyners, 1; labourers, 21; masons, 1; masters of periagua, 2; masters of scout boat, 2; merchants, 1; millers, 1; ministers, 2; periagua employees, 1; planters, 1; plasterers, 1; potters, 1; pylots, 1; sailors, 4; sawyers, 1; servants, 360; shipwrights, 1; shoemakers, 3; soldiers, 8; speakers, 1; storekeepers,
4; surgeons, 2; taylors, 5; tinkers, 1; trust servants, 21; upholsterers, 1; victuallers, 1; weavers, 3.

What varied skills these early Georgians had! But, of course, there was no chance for them to engage in such occupations in their new home. A notable feature of the information contained in this list of settlers is a record of pathos. Of the 114 colonists who sailed in November, 1732, on the Ann, 29, or 25.4%, died within the first year. Within the first ten years,
47 of the first 114 colonists died, and 20 others left the Colony either to return to England or to go to Carolina.

An effort to identify the authorship of the manuscript list of settlers has resulted in the conclusion that it was written by the First Earl of Egmont, original President of the Georgia Corporation. Comparison of penmanship definitely eliminated Benjamin Martyn, Secretary of the Georgia Trustees, a likely suspect as the author. Mr. H. B. Fant, Archivist, Executive and
Courts Section, National Archives, took to England a photostatic copy of several pages from the manuscript list of settlers. In a letter dated London, 17 October 1948, he reported: "I am of the opinion that the photostats you furnished me definitely represent the handwriting of the Earl of Egmont.
He was a very meticulous soul, and the List is made up in his own hand, just as he indexed certain of his own volumes personally. When in a hurry, as he frequently was when writing down his diary entries, his handwriting is not always as clear or uniform as is the handwriting in the photostatic specimens furnished me. But when he had plenty of time and when he was
indexing or putting in marginal notations or interlineations he used the identical calligraphy. The numerals, the capital letters, the words, the long dashes, and above all the crosses for ©died,© are distinctively those of the 1st Earl of Egmont."

Through the cooperation of R. L. Atkinson, Esq., Secretary of the Historical Manuscripts Commission, photostatic copies were secured in December, 1948, of a number of pages from the known writings of the First Earl of Egmont. From our own comparison of handwriting, we concluded that the finding of Mr. Fant was correct. This conclusion was sustained by the Division of Manuscripts of the Library of Congress.
In a letter of March 21, 1949, Dr. Leslie W. Dunlap, Assistant Chief, Division of Manuscripts, reported: "The photostats of the two eighteenth century English manuscripts which you sent have been examined by three members of the staff of this Division. They report that comparison of many individual letters, such as final ©g© and double ©ss,© the formation of capitals, and the general appearance indicate identity of handwriting of the two manuscripts, and that it is reasonable to conclude that the ©list of settlers© was written by the Earl of Egmont known to be the writer of the second manuscript. This is not to be considered a report of handwriting experts, but an opinion based on experience in the reading of early English manuscripts."
One of the introductory pages in the manuscript list of settlers is headed, "Mem.d for Georgia 4 March 1742/3," and contains a summary of the number of settlers who went over, the number of those who died, deserted the colony, etc. Though this memorandum suggests 1743 as the date of composition of the manuscript, additions were made as late as 1747, as may be seen by noting names in Part I, numbered 202-206, and elsewhere. The fact that many of the dates in the manuscript are written in a style devised to prevent confusion of Old and New Style reckoning, for example, the entry
"10 Jan. 1735-6," cannot be regarded as evidence that the manuscript was written after 1752, the year in which England officially adopted the New Style Calendar. Replying to an inquiry on this point, Dr. St. George L. Sioussat, Chief, Division of Manuscripts, Library of Congress, stated in a letter of February 26, 1948: "It is not possible to state any established rule
as to use of double dates. I may say, however, that certainly, many manuscripts written prior to 1752 carry double dates."

The Handbook of British Chronology edited by F. M. Powicke and others (Royal Historical Society. Guides and Handbooks. No. 2. London, 1939. Pp. 377-78) contains the following pertinent statement: "The adoption of the Gregorian calendar of course affected the month-date, according to the point at which superfluous days were omitted, and also the year-date if the events concerned happened between 1 January and 25 March. Because the adoption had not synchronized
in all countries, there came into being, as the late Deputy Keeper of the Public Records has well said, one of the most dangerous traps for students using original documents, to be avoided only by careful consideration of the origin of any document in use and the habits of its writer." That the Earl of Egmont was one of those who used the doubledate
style of reckoning before the adoption of the Gregorian calendar is borne out by his diary and other known writings, the original manuscripts of which are preserved in the Public Record Office. The publication of this list will, we hope, stimulate further research in the colonial history of Georgia. We express appreciation to Dr. George Hugh Boyd, Dean of the Graduate School of the University of Georgia, for encouragement in the work, to the Faculty Advisory Council of the Univer
sity Center in Georgia for financial assistance, and to Miss Birdie Bondurant, Mrs. Lucy Wester and Mrs. Joan Burns for technical assistance in editing the manuscript.
E. M. C.
A. B. S.
Athens, Georgia
April 5, 1949